Vladimir (Vladimirovich) Putin has ruled the Russian Federation since the 31 December 1999, inheriting a country in economic, political and social disarray. Out of Putin’s 26-year ruling, Russia has been at war, overtly or covertly, for 21 years. . The transformation of Russia over these 26 years has been fundamental. A series of indicators can help measuring its economic evolution, surge of military expenses, trade shift to China, as well as its demographic decline, worsening of various freedom and governance rankings, and growing inequality. Putin, now 73 years old, can remain in power until 2036, in line with the constitutional reforms introduced in 2020.