Scientific evidence shows that migration of food contact materials into food is widespread and can pose health risks, particularly when substances are carcinogenic, toxic to reproduction or endocrine disrupting. A 2022 Commission evaluation found the current legal framework only partially effective, with gaps in enforcement, control of non-intentionally added substances and harmonisation. The European Parliament has pushed for stronger rules, contributing to recent EU-wide bans on bisphenol A and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in food packaging. Citizens and stakeholders broadly support a comprehensive revision establishing clearer standards, harmonised testing and stronger consumer protection.