Understanding the war in Sudan: The human cost of geopolitics
The Sudanese are caught in a devastating civil war, driven by deep political fragmentation, with far-reaching humanitarian and human rights consequences.
Briefings
United States Defense Industrial Base: How does it differ from the European defence technological and industrial base?
The United States (US) Defense Industrial Base (DIB) represents the largest and most technologically advanced military production ecosystem in the world, encompassing a vast network of private firms, government entities and research institutions.
The third generation of national climate plans: Analysis of major economies’ nationally determined contributions ahead of COP30
Ten years after the Paris Agreement was concluded, global climate action is at a critical juncture.
A new urban policy agenda for the EU: Addressing cities’ current challenges
According to Eurostat, a city is a local administrative unit (LAU) where the majority of the population lives in an urban centre of at least 50 000 inhabitants.
Japan’s preparedness strategies: Lessons for the EU
Located in the Circum-Pacific volcanic belt or ‘Ring of Fire’, Japan is heavily exposed to natural disasters, including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, floods, landslides, heatwaves and heavy snowfall.
Access to culture for people with disabilities and people living in rural, remote and disadvantaged areas
Access to culture means the possibility to participate in cultural life from the perspective of consumption. This means identifying barriers to consumption and ways to reduce or remove them.
Satellites: State of play and challenges for the EU
Satellite systems use an artificial object placed in outer space, moving in a specific orbit, to provide services such as communications, Earth observation, navigation, or scientific research.
International sanctions on Iran: Overview of the main regimes and recent events
At present, Iran is the second-most sanctioned country in the world, having been under sanctions for 45 years since the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1979.
Maternity leave and voting procedures in the European Parliament and EU national parliaments
Members of the European Parliament are entrusted with a number of rights and responsibilities, including the right to vote. However, illness, serious family-related circumstances, pregnancy and postnatal recovery may prevent Members from attending plenary sessions and prevent them from exercising their voting rights.
Building a common market for European defence
At the 2025 NATO Summit in The Hague, Allies, most of whom are also EU Member States, made a commitment to investing 5 % of GDP annually on defence requirements and defence- and security-related spending by 2035.